Protective Effect of Coscinium fenestratum Bark Extract on Letrozole Induced Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) in Sprague Dawley Rats

Aim: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effects of the oral administration of Coscinium fenestratum bark extract in letrozole-induced PCOS in rats.

Methods: Thirty female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into five groups of 6 animals each. Letrozole (1 mg/kg) was administered orally for a period of 21 days to induce PCOS. Control rats received 1 mL/day of distilled water, and the three groups of PCOS rats were given 1mg/kg of clomiphene citrate, 250 mg/kg of Coscinium fenestratum extract and 500 mg/kg of Coscinium fenestratum extract by oral gavage for 15 days. Blood samples were collected and the ovary of rats was removed, weighed, and fixed in 10% buffered formalin to determine the hormonal and antioxidant parameters.

Results: In rats treated with BECF, significant increase in Catalase, Superoxide Dismutase and Lipid peroxidation level was decreased when compared with letrozole group. Histopathology showed that the BECF treated rats had normal ovarian structure, which was seen distorted due to the PCOS condition in letrozole treated rats. The results show significant decrease in total testosterone level and LH and significant increase in FSH. Therefore, the extract of BECF show significant effect on PCOS rats. The significance p value is >0.001.

Conclusion: Based on these result, the BECF extract and traditional wisdom of this plant when used regularly can be a good treatment a suitable treatment option for PCOS which can be regularly used.