The “Golden” Number Theory and New Properties of Natural Numbers

The main purpose of the present article is to give a brief description of the “golden” number theory and new properties of natural numbers following from it, in particular, Z-property, D-property, Φ -code, F-code, L-code. These properties are of big theoretical interest for number theory and can be used in computer science.

The article is written in popular form and is intended for a wide circle of mathematicians (including mathematics students) and specialists in computer science, who are interested in the histories of mathematics and new ideas in the development of number theory and its applications in computer science.